Name the ILO core labor standards relevant to supply chains.

• A. Freedom of association and collective bargaining; elimination of forced labor; abolition of child labor; elimination of discrimination in employment
• B. Right to unionize; minimum wage; equal pay for equal work; safe working conditions
• C. Freedom of speech; freedom of press; right to education; healthcare access
• D. No child labor; not relevant to unions; maximum hours; environmental standards

Answer: (A)

The question tests knowledge of the ILO core labor standards that apply to supply chains. These four fundamental rights are: freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining; the elimination of all forms of forced or compulsory labor; the effective abolition of child labor; and the elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation. In supply chains, these rights translate into practical expectations: workers should be able to form or join unions and bargain collectively; no one should be forced to work under coercive conditions; children should not be employed in prohibited work or below legal ages; and hiring, pay, and advancement must be free from discrimination.

The other options mix in important labor and human-rights topics that aren’t grouped as the ILO’s four core standards, such as minimum wage, safety requirements, freedom of speech or press, education, health care, or environmental standards. The set that lists the four core rights described above best matches the ILO core standards for supply chains.